Trichinella spiralis worm

Humans can be a host or a place to live and breed of the parasite Trichinella spiralis.Additionally, Trichinella spiralis too can live and reproduce in animals such as pigs, rats, bears, cats, dogs, pigs and pets or other animals.Disease caused by Trichinella spiralis called trichinosis, trichinellosis, or trichinosis.

Trichinella spiralis worms live and spread almost all over the region, but the worms are rarely identified at and populous countries the average Muslim. Inversely proportional to the Islamic countries, the worm is found in many European countries. This may be closely related to the habit of eating pork undercooked sausage for example is present in food.

Morphology and life cycle Trichinella spiralis.

Trichinella spiralis adult worm has a smooth body shape like hair. In Trichinella spiralis females have a body length of 3-4 mm and Trichinella spiralis male approximately has a body length of approximately 1.5 mm.The tip of the front or anterior slim with a round mouth without paper. At the end of the back or posterior to the female worms rounded and blunt, the curved central male worms with two paper.

Females are viviparous worms [breed design childbirth] and usually go into the intestinal mucosa villi, ranging from the duodenum to cecum. A female worm can remove approximately 1500 larvae. The larvae are released in mucosal tissues, into the lymph and blood circulation, and then with their Berea Danya in the blood vessels and then spread throughout the body, especially the muscles (defrag, ribs, tongue, larynx, eyes, stomach biceps and others, approximately at the beginning of the 4th week of larvae Trichinella spiralis which has grown only become cysts in muscle types that latitude.

Trichinella spiralis cysts in the muscle can live for about 18 months, then Kerja di per kapu ran within 6 months to 2 years. Infection in humans occurs when pork containing infective larvae [could cause infection] contained in the cyst is eaten by humans.

When in the proximal part of the small intestine undigested cyst wall and within a few hours the larvae of Trichinella spiralis is released, and immediately enter the mucosa, later became adult Trichinella spiralis worm within 1.5 - 2 days per.

The disease pathology by Trichinella spiralis and symptoms and clinical signs

The symptoms and signs of infection trichinosis for Trichinella spiralis will largely depend on the stage of the severity of infections caused by worms adult stage and the larval stage.

By the time the adult worm Trichinella spiralis held invasion [enter] to the intestinal mucosa, symptoms and signs of intestinal diseases such as abdominal pain, diarrhea , nausea and vomiting. The shoot symptoms of pain in the gut Kua number average 1-2 days after infection.

When larvae Trichinella spiralis muscle scattered in approximately 7-28 days after infection. At this time arising GC Jala and signs such as muscle pain (myalgia) and muscle inflammation (myositis) is accompanied by fever, eosinophilia [low levels of eosinophils] or hypereosinophilia [increase in the number of eosinophils].

Symptoms and signs of disease trichinosis caused by the larval stage depend also on the equipment seized by the larvae of Trichinella spiralis example, when the larvae are in the eye can cause puffiness around the eyes, the larvae are in the joints can cause symptoms of joint pain, the larvae are in the respiratory tract symptoms can occur respiratory disorders and general weakness. When the larvae Trichinella spiralis spread throughout the body in blood circulation and the heart, it can also occur symptoms and signs such as heart failure and central nervous system. When the acute stage has passed [up to 2 weeks], usually people recover gradually in conjunction with the formation of cysts in the muscle.

At the stage of severe infection (approximately 5000 larvae of Trichinella spiralis / kg body weight) may cause death in patients within 2-3 weeks, but usually death occurs within 4-8 weeks DSi bab kan due to the occurrence of lung disorders, abnormalities of the brain or heart abnormalities in patients trichinosis. Diagnosis of Trichinella spiralis infection

• To diagnose an infection by Trichinella spiralis, it is not enough just to see the clinical signs and symptoms that occur in patients. 
• A definitive diagnosis of disease due to Trichinella spiralis is to perform laboratory tests via skin tests using antigen made of Trichinella larvae. Laboratory examination can give positive reactions roughly at week 3 or week 4. The resulting reaction if the patient is experiencing an infection by Trichinella spiralis is in the form of white bumps on the skin with a diameter of 5 mm or more are surrounded by areas of erythema [redness]
• Other tests are in the form of immunological reactions such as complement belt test, and test precipitins. 
• A definitive diagnosis because this worm infection can also be enforced by finding larvae in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid which can be done on days 8-14 after infection.
• Of diagnostic certainly also be confirmed by muscle biopsy, Trichinella larvae can be found on Sunday 3rd or 4th after infection

treatment Trikinosis

• Symptomatic treatment: Trichinosis by Trichinella spiralis can be symptomatic treatment [megnobatai disease based on symptoms and signs that appear]. Headache and muscle pain may be relieved by analgesics or anti-pain. Sciatic drugs [for sedative] sometimes it is also necessary especially when there are abnormalities in the central nervous system.
• Specific treatment of infectious diseases Trichinella spiralis performed by doctors in the health service in the form of specific worm medicine.

Judging from the life cycle of Trichinella spiralis, pigs and rats turned out to maintain the infection in nature.Infection in pigs occur because pigs eat mice containing Trichinella spiralis infective larvae in the muscles, or due to eating pork slaughterhouse kitchen waste and garbage ( "garbage") which contains the remains of pork containing infective larvae.

In mice the animals, they get infections trichinosis for eating leftover pork in the slaughterhouse or at home as well as eating a dead rat. Frequency trichinosis for Trichinella spiralis in humans in the areas where people eat pork were given food from the rest of the slaughter.

Trichinella spiralis infection in humans depend on the disappearance of the disease in pigs, for example, by wiping out the rest of the slaughterhouse containing pieces of raw meat. Pork processing before being eaten by humans are also important. "Homemade sausage" can be dangerous. Education should be done also on housewives in how to cook pork well. In Islam also enacted laws that pork was unclean for eating.

Trichinella spiralis larvae will die at a temperature of about 60 ° C or at temperatures far below freezing. The larvae will not die in the meat salted or smoked.