About pinworms [Enterobius vermicularis]

Children are most frequently exposed to worms due caching pinworms. Pinworms have many names are Enterobius vermicularis, Oxyuris vermicular, pinworm, and seatworm. Pinworms or in medical language Enterobius vermicularis may cause infection with the name of a disease called enterobiasis or siriasis or in layman's language is criminal. 

The following is a detailed description of pinworms or Enterobius vermicularis starting from its shape, image, life cycle pinworms, signs and symptoms of infection due can enterobiasis pinworms and their treatment.

The spread of pinworms

Pinworm parasitic pinworms or dispersed and located around the world, but more usually found in temperate climates or cooler than in hot regions. This may be because in general people in cold regions rarely bathe and change underwear. The spread of the worm Enterobius vermicularis is also supported by a factor of ties between human beings with one another as well as the appropriate environment.

The shape and the life cycle of the worm pinworm

Female pinworms measuring 8-13 mm x 0.4 mm.At the anterior end of the widening reticulum like wings called "algae". Bulbs esophagus obvious, Akoya long and pointy. The uterus or womb to the worm Enterobius vermicularis pregnant [gravid] wide and filled with eggs. Pinworms males 2-5 mm in length, also have wings and tail coiled so it looks like a question mark (?);speculum on the tail rare. Habitat adult pinworms usually in cavity cecum, colon, and small intestine adjacent to the cecum cavity. Food worm Enterobius vermicularis is the contents of the gut host [bodies where life].

Worm Enterobius vermicularis gravid female containing 11000-15000 eggs, migrate to the perianal area to spawn by way of uterine contractions and vagina. The eggs are rarely issued in the intestine, so rarely found in the stool. Pinworm eggs oval shaped and flat on one side (asymmetric). Egg wall is clear and somewhat thicker than the walls of eggs hookworm .The eggs will be mature within approximately 6 hours after it is issued.

Copulation or sexual intercourse between a worm Enterobius vermicularis males and females may occur in the cecum. Pinworms males will die after copulation and female pinworms will die after spawning.

Infection in humans by pinworm causes a disease called enterobiasis. Enterobiasis occurs when someone swallows Enterobius vermicularis worm eggs that have been cooked. Enterobiasis can also occur when the larvae hatch from eggs in the perianal region migrate back to the human colon. If the mature eggs are ingested, the eggs hatch in the intestine duodenum and the larvae rabbit form changed twice before it becomes an adult in the intestine jejunum and upper intestinal ileum.

The time required for the life cycle of Enterobius vermicularis, ranging from ingestion of mature eggs to become pregnant adult pinworms / gravid migrating to the perianal region, lasts approximately 2 weeks to 2 months. Maybe due pinworms cycle only lasts approximately 1 month for pinworm eggs to be found in the anus as soon as 5 weeks after treatment.

Pinworm infection or enterobiasis can heal itself without treatment (self-limited). In the absence of reinfection [pinworms infect again], without any treatment, the infection can be ended completely.

Pathology, Clinical symptoms, and signs of disease enterobiasis

Enterobiasis or criminal relatively harmless, rarely cause lesions or injury that berate. 

The symptoms and clinical signs of the disease that stands out are caused by irritation of the area around the anus, perineum and vagina by a worm Enterobius vermicularis gravid females who Bei MiG Rasi anus and vagina, causing local pruritus. Therefore, pinworm worms migrate to the anus and cause pruritus ani, the symptoms, and signs of patients scratch the area around the anus causing injury scratching around the anus: This condition often occurs at night. So that person with interrupted sleep and getting stronger.

Sometimes young adult pinworms may move into the small intestine to the proximal part of the stomach, esophagus [throat] and nose, causing a disturbance in the area. Enterobius vermicularis being gravid worms wander and can be lodged in the vagina and in the Fallopian tube [oviduct of the female reproductive organs], causing inflammation in the fallopian tubes. Worm pinworm or pinworms often found in the appendix, but rarely causes infection in the appendix or called appendicitis.

Some of the symptoms and signs of pinworm infection or enterobiasis that bike muka a by researchers and experts, among others, lack of appetite, weight loss, activity rises, enuresis [bed-wetting], quick-tempered.meng Gere Tak teeth, insomnia or sleep disorders, and masturbation, but sometimes difficult to prove causal relationships with pinworms / Enterobius vermicularis.

Disease Diagnosis enterobiasis

Pinworm infection is often suspected in children who showed intense itching around the anus at night. A definitive diagnosis is made when finding in the examination Enterobius vermicularis eggs and worms. Worm pinworm eggs can be retrieved easily by using the tool "anal swab" taped around the anus in the mornings before the child defecation and before menus ass (wipe).

Examination with the "Anal swab" is to use a device from a glass rod or a tongue blade which in the end is attached to "Scotch adhesive tape". If the "adhesive tape" is affixed to the area around the anus, the pinworm eggs will stick to the adhesive. Then the "adhesive tape" leveled on glass objects and spiked with a bit of reagent tool. For a definite diagnosis, anal swab examination should be done three days in a row.

Treatment and Prognosis / End of Illness pinworms 

When found in one of the families infected by parasitic pinworms, the entire family should be given treatment for infection by the worm Enterobius vermicularis enterobiasis. In general, the doctor providing treatment in the form of a drug that is as piperazine pinworms. Treatment of pinworms with piperazine is highly effective when given in the morning and after taking the drug and then drink a glass of water so that the drug reaches the cecum and colon. Drug pinworms else the doctor as Pyrvinium pamoate is also effective against pinworms. The side effects of treatment this may occur nausea and vomiting. other drugs that can be given instead of the two-worming above is thiabendazole. It is said by experts that mebendazole and pyrvinium is a drug pinworm are effective against all developmental stages of worm Enterobius vermicularis, while pyrantel and piperazine given in a single dose are not effective against the stadium young worm pinworm medicine casing Kreme DIL Kua KN periodically, which means continuous and continuing to provide the results of a good prognosis. Prevention of Transmission of pinworm infection

Transmission of pinworm infection generally occurs in one family or groups living in one dwelling or the environment, for example in the hostel, orphanage and the like. Enterobius vermicularis worm eggs can be isolated from the dust in the school Eau school cafeterias, and perhaps this could be a source of infection for learners in school. Infection or transmission of pinworms that occurs in a household environment for example, if there are several family members that contain the worm pinworm, worm eggs can be found (92%) on the floor, table, chairs, sideboard, seat outhouse ( '' toilet seats " ), bathtub, mattress, clothes and a cushion. From these eggs can be a source of transmission to another family angioma. transmission of Enterobius vermicularis worm infection can be influenced by several factors, among others:

• Transmission from hand to mouth after scratching the perianal area (auto-infection) 
• Transmission of hands can spread the eggs to others or to yourself as well as holding objects contaminated clothing.
• Transmission from dust. Dust is a source of infections due to easily blown by the wind so that the egg through the dust can be ingested by humans.
• Retrofits or transmission through the anus: pinworm larvae from eggs that hatch around the anus back into the intestine.

Animals such as dogs and cats do not contain pinworms but it can be a source of infection because eggs can stick to the fur of a dog or cat.

Hygiene or sanitation individuals is an important factor for the prevention of pinworm infection. For example, nails should always be kept with a short cut, hand hygiene by washing hands thoroughly before eating. 

For children or family members who are infected enterobiasis should wear long pants when going to bed so that the mattress pad is not contaminated and can not be scratched hands perianal area.

Prevention of food factors. Keeping it clean food then the food should be avoided from dust and hand containing parasitic worm Enterobius vermicularis. Tips pinworm infection prevention is to keep clothing and mattress pads that should be washed every day.